Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

A Retrospective Analysis of Eclampsia as a Major Cause of Maternal and Perinatal Mortality in Sagamu

J. O. Sotunsa, A. I. Inofomoh, A. K. Akinseku, F. I. Ani, A. O. Sule-Odu

Abstract


Background: While eclampsia remains a leading cause of maternal death in the developing world, the prevalence and case fatality of the condition in the developed world has reduced due to early detection and prompt treatment. The understanding of the factors associated with eclampsia may reduce the burden and enhance the quality of foeto-maternal outcome.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of eclampsia and the associated foeto-maternal outcome.

Methods: A retrospective study of patients who presented with eclampsia at the Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital (OOUTH) between January 2008 and December 2012 was carried out. The hospital records were retrieved and the data extracted included the age, parity, gestational age at presentation, booking status, mode of delivery, outcome of baby and mother, and the total delivery in the hospital over the period.

Results: The prevalence of eclampsia over the period was 1.1%. Eclampsia was common among women aged 25years and below (64.3%), nulliparous women (78.6%) and unbooked (100.0%). Caesarean section was carried out on 63.0% of the patients on account of unfavourable cervix, while 22.2% of patients had spontaneous vagina delivery. Most (96.4%) received magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) therapy but 22.2% convulsed while receiving it. Maternal mortality was 7.1% while perinatal mortality rate was 250/1000 live birth.

Conclusion: Eclampsia remains a cause of maternal morbidity and preventable death in the understudied community. Early antenatal booking and the use of MgSO4 are effective in reducing the burden.


Keywords


Eclampsia; Hypertensive disease in pregnancy; Magnesium sulphate; Stillbirth

Full Text:

PDF

References


Tukur J, Muhammad Z. Management of eclampsia at AKTH: Before and after magnesium sulphate. Nig J Med 2010; 19(1): 104-107.

Efetie ER, Okafor UV. Maternal outcome in eclamptic patients in Abuja, Nigeria – A 5 year review. Nig J Clin Pract 2007; 10 (4):309-313.

Sibai BM. Diagnosis, prevention and management of eclampsia. Obstet Gynecol 2005; 105(2):402-410.

Chan YM, Ngai SW. Eclampsia: an 11-year experience. Honk Kong Med J 1998; 4(2): 203-207.

Orji EO, Olabode TO, Orji VO. Making motherhood safer in eclamptic patients. Ibom Medical Journal 2007; 2(1): 1-7.

Ogah OK, Ijaiya MA, Aboyeji AP, Esuaga SA. Eclampsia: A global problem. Sexual Health Matters 2005; 6(2): 45-49.

Sunita TH, Desai RM. Eclampsia in a Teaching Hospital: Incidence, clinical profile and response to Magnesium Sulphate by Zuspan’s regimen. Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences 2013; 4(2): 01-05.

Olatunji AO, Sule-Odu AO. Presentation and outcome of eclampsia at a Nigerian University in Nigeria. Nig J ClinPract 2007; 10(1): 1-4.

Jimoh AAG, Akintunde OA, Balogun OR, Aboyeji AP. Eclampsia- A ten year review in Nigeria Teaching Hospital. Nig Hosp Pract 2007; 1(2): 80-83.

Umezurike CC, Feyi-Waboso PA, Whittaker RC. Treatment of eclampsia with magnesium sulphate in Aba, South Eastern Nigeria. Trop J Obstet Gynaecol 2006; 23(1): 20-22.

The Eclampsia Trial Collaborative Group. Which anticoagulant for women with eclampsia? Evidence from the collaborative eclampsia trial. Lancet 1995; 345(8963): 1455-1463.

Sibai BM. Magnesium sulfate prophylaxis in pre-eclampsia: Evidence from randomized trials. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2005; 48(2): 478–488.

Rudra P, Basak S, Patil D, Latoo MY. Recent advances in the management of pre-eclampsia. Brit J Med Pract 2011; 4(3): a433.

Tukur J. The use of magnesium sulphate for the treatment ofsevere pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Ann Afr Med 2009; 8(2): 76-80.

Aboyeji AP, Ijaiya MA, Fawole AA. Maternal mortality in a Nigerian teaching hospital: a continuing tragedy. Trop Doct 2007; 37(2): 83–85.

Igberase GO, Ebeigbe PN. Eclampsia: Ten-years of experience in a rural tertiary hospital in the Niger delta, Nigeria. J Obstet Gynaecol 2006; 26(5): 414-417.

Tukur J, Umar BA, Rabi’u A. Pattern of eclampsia in a tertiary health facility situated at semi-rural town in Northern Nigeria. Ann Afr Med. 2007; 6(4): 164–167.

Onyearugha CN, Ugboma HAA. Foetal outcome of antepartum and intrapartum eclampsia in Aba, South-eastern Nigeria. Trop Doct 2012; 42(3): 129–132.

Duley L, Henderson-Smart D. Magnesium sulphate versus diazepam for eclampsia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007 Issue 4.

Knight M. Eclampsia in the United Kingdom -2005. Brit J Obstet Gynaecol 2007; 114(9): 1072-1078.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2016 Annals of Health Research



A publication of the Medical and Dental Consultants Association of Nigeria, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, (OOUTH) Sagamu Branch, Nigeria