Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome Co-existing with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in a 9-Year Old Nigerian Boy

T. O. Afe, O. O. Ogunsemi

Abstract


Tourette disorder is an uncommon neuropsychiatric disorder characterised by involuntary tics and behavioural disturbances. The disorder is most prevalent in childhood. Only a few cases of Gilles disorder had been reported in Nigeria. The disorder shares some characteristics and association with many neuropsychiatric disorders hence, the diagnosis can be easily missed. This is a report of a 9-year old school boy with Tourette disorder with co-existing Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). The diagnosis in this child was missed on initial assessment, hence this report highlights the need for high index of suspicion when children present with involuntary tics.


Keywords


Gilles de la Tourette; ADHD; Psychosis; Misdiagnosis

Full Text:

PDF

References


National institute of Neurological disorders and Stroke. Tourette syndrome Fact Sheet. Retrieved from http://www.ninds.nih.gov. Accessed in January 2012.

Hawley JS. Pediatric Tourette syndrome. Retrieved from http://emedicine.medscape.com article/289457 Accessed on the 18th of April 2016.

Bitsko RH, Holbrook JR, Visser SN, et al. A National Profile of Tourette Syndrome, 2011–2012. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2014; 35; 317–322.

Sadock B, Sadock V. Tics disorders. In: Cancro R, Edmonson J, Gabbard JA et al (Eds) Kaplan and Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry: Behavioral Sciences/Clinical Psychiatry. 9th Edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2003; 1246-1250.

Shapiro AK, Shapiro E. The treatment and etiology of tics and Tourette syndrome. Comp Psych 1981; 22: 193–205.

American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Retrieved from www.psychiatry.org Accessed 5th April 2016.

Mustapha AF, Ogunmokun OS. Case Report on a 13-year old Nigerian boy with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Niger Hosp Pract 2011; 9: 20-24.

Adayonfo EO. Gilles de la Tourette’s Syndrome- A case report. Benin J Postgrad Med 2008; 10 (1) Retrieved from www.ajol.info/index.php/bjpm/article/download/47380/3376 Accessed from 10th April 2016.

Erenberg G. The relationship between Tourette syndrome, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and stimulant medication: a critical review. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2005; 12: 217-221.

Singer HS. Tourette's syndrome: from behaviour to biology. Lancet Neurol 2005; 4: 149-159.

Rickards H. Tics and fits. The current status of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and its relationship with epilepsy. Seizure 1995; 4: 259-266.

Debes NM, Lange T, Jessen TL et al. Performance on Wechsler Intelligence Scales in children with Tourette syndrome. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2011; 15: 146-154.

Fred RV, James F. EEG Abnormalities in Tourette's syndrome. J Am Acad Child Psych 1984; 23: 352-353.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2016 Annals of Health Research



A publication of the Medical and Dental Consultants Association of Nigeria, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, (OOUTH) Sagamu Branch, Nigeria